Practices TICO 1st Term

 

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Von Neumann Model

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  Von-Neumann proposed his computer architecture design in 1945 .  He wanted a model in wich the instruction data and progam data were stored in the same memory.  COMPONENTS OF THE VON-NEUMANN MODEL:  CPU: Electric circuit responsible for executing the instructions of a computer program. Inside the CPU, we can find:  The ALU ( Arithmetic and Logic Unit) performs micro-operation for executing the instruction The registers   are  high-speed storage areas in the CPU. The data processed by the CPU are ran from the registers. The Control Unit controls the operations of the ALU, the memory and the I/O devices.  BUSES: Means that conect the CPU, the memory and the peripherals.  Address Bus Carries the address of data (but not the data) between the processor and the memory. Data Bus Carries data between the processor (CPU), the memory unit and the input/output devices. Control Bus Carries signals/commands from the CPU. MEMORY UNIT: Stores binary i...
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MS-DOS

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MS-DOS , in full Microsoft Disk Operating System .  MS-DOS allows the user to navigate, open, and otherwise manipulate files on their computer from a command line .  HOW TO ACCESS MS-DOS?  Click on the Windows "Start" button. Select "Programs" Select "MS-DOS Prompt"  EXIT:  exit [/b] [<exitcode>] BASIC COMMANDS: COPY Syntax of this command is “C:\>copy [desired file name and address] [destination address]” . This command is used to copy a file from a drive to another drive. RENAME Syntax of this command is “C:\>ren [old file name] [new file name]” . This command is used to rename a file. Simply out the old name of the file and new name of the file and press enter. Your file name will be renamed. DELETE Syntax of this command is “C:\>del [path and filename]” . This command is used to delete a file from a directory or a folder.
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Auto Defrag - Defragmentation

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  WHAT? Defragmentation is a term used to describe the process of reorganizing a hard drive's data to help increase the proficiency of accessing the data because they are stored next to each other, and prevent file fragmentation.  Fragmentation is caused when information is deleted from a hard drive and small gaps are left behind to be filled by new data. As new data is saved to the computer, it is placed in these gaps. If the file is bigger than the gap, it will divide in several empty gaps. Consequently, they´re scattered.  WHY? By organizing the data on the hard drive, it can decrease the time it takes to run a program and open files on a hard disk drive. If it´s not defragmentated and you want to access the data, you must find all fragments of a file before it can be opened or executed. WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DO NOT DEFRAGMENT IN WINDOWS?  File defragmentation occurs only in Windows because the rest of the systems don´t cut the files.  If you don´t defrag y...
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